
CSS Animations: Transitions vs. Keyframes
Compare CSS transitions and keyframe animations, including hover effects, loading states, timing control, performance, and when each approach fits.
Articles
Development is the broadest category in my writing, so it works as the main archive rather than a narrow subject label. It brings together implementation notes and technical decisions, with delivery lessons from across the rest of the site.

Compare CSS transitions and keyframe animations, including hover effects, loading states, timing control, performance, and when each approach fits.

React Fragments explained through empty tags, keyed fragments, semantic markup, unnecessary wrapper divs, grouped list output, and layout side effects.


Understand CSS media queries for responsive design, including screen conditions, mobile‑first, and desktop‑first approaches, breakpoints, and device traits.

Set front‑end performance budgets for page weight, scripts, images, requests, Core Web Vitals, and user experience before delivery pressure erodes them.

Improve website performance with practical HTML, CSS and JavaScript checks, from assets and rendering to scripts, measurement and Core Web Vitals.

@keyframesCSS `@keyframes` enables animations by defining style changes over time. Here, I explain how it works with examples, properties, and cross‑browser support.

extends and super in JavaScript Classes`Extends` and `super` in JavaScript classes explained with inheritance examples, constructor rules, method overriding, and the trade‑offs of class hierarchies.

This guide explores JavaScript essentials for freelance web developers. It covers fundamental concepts, practical examples, and tips for mastering JavaScript.

Whilst understanding any computing language comes with practice and exposure, there are some areas of CSS that can flummox even the most seasoned of developers.

::before and ::after Pseudo‑Elements in CSSUsing the `:before` and `:after` pseudo‑elements in CSS for styling and content insertion. Here, I cover syntax, practical examples, and best practices.

Promise.all() vs. Promise.race() in JavaScript`Promise.all()` vs. `Promise.race()` in JavaScript, with async examples, error behaviour, timeouts, practical use cases, and common mistakes in real code.

Polyfills replicate modern JavaScript methods for compatibility. Here, I explain polyfills and show how to build key examples in unsupported environments.

Error handling in JavaScript is vital for building robust applications. Here, I explore modern patterns like try‑catch, async/await, and global error handlers.

overflow PropertyUnderstand the CSS overflow property, including visible, hidden, scroll, auto, x, and y control, scrollbars, accessibility, and mobile‑browser quirks.

JavaScript callbacks execute functions after tasks, whilst promises offer structured asynchronous handling. I explore their differences, benefits, and uses.

Array.find(), Array.some(), and Array.every() in JavaScript`Array.find()`, `Array.some()`, and `Array.every()` in JavaScript explained clearly, including return values, use cases, and when each method fits best.

CSS transitions allow us to create smooth animations between states, enhancing user experience. Here, I discuss how to use transitions with practical examples.