JavaScript Hoisting: Variables, Functions, and More
JavaScript hoisting moves declarations to the top of their scope. Here, I explore its impact on variables, functions, and best practices for avoiding pitfalls.
Articles
Front‑end Development, page 19 of 25
Front‑end development is where product intent becomes the interface people actually use. My writing approaches it as engineering rather than surface decoration, with attention to browser behaviour and code that remains accessible, fast, and safe for a team to change.
JavaScript Hoisting: Variables, Functions, and More. 
Closures in JavaScript: The Key to Lexical Scope. Closures in JavaScript: The Key to Lexical Scope
Closures let JavaScript functions retain access to parent scope variables. Here, I explore closures, scope, and practical uses for cleaner, more efficient code.
Static Methods vs. Instance Methods in JavaScript Classes. Static Methods vs. Instance Methods in JavaScript Classes
Static methods vs. instance methods in JavaScript classes explained clearly, including when to use each, common mistakes, and how class APIs stay readable.
Understanding the :hover Pseudo‑Class in CSS. Understanding the
:hoverPseudo‑Class in CSSThe :hover pseudo‑class seems simple until touchscreens and accessibility get involved. This guide covers how it behaves and where it falls short.
The Value of Choosing a Web Developer Near You: Customised Solutions for Local Success. The Value of Choosing a Web Developer Near You: Customised Solutions for Local Success
Choosing a web developer near you in Brighton or London offers tailored solutions, local insight, and reliable support to help your business thrive online.
Using Viewport Units in CSS: vw and vh. Using Viewport Units in CSS:
vwandvhUse CSS viewport units vw and vh for responsive sizing, understanding percentage‑of‑viewport behaviour, full‑screen layouts, and mobile browser caveats.
Mutation vs. Immutability in JavaScript Arrays and Objects. Mutation vs. Immutability in JavaScript Arrays and Objects
Mutation and immutability in JavaScript explained through arrays, objects, push(), splice(), shared references, UI bugs, and safer update patterns.
Array.includes() vs. indexOf() in JavaScript. Array.includes()vs.indexOf()in JavaScriptCompare Array.includes() and indexOf() in JavaScript, including boolean checks, returned positions, NaN handling, readability, and membership tests.
Respecting Reduced‑Motion Preferences in CSS. Respecting Reduced‑Motion Preferences in CSS
Use CSS reduced‑motion preferences without losing content or feedback, with static‑first and targeted override patterns bounded to Safari‑first 2018 support.
React Portals Explained. React Portals Explained
React Portals explained with modals, overlays, and tooltips, including DOM placement, event bubbling, accessibility concerns, and when portals help.
Enhancing User Experience with CSS and JavaScript Animations. Enhancing User Experience with CSS and JavaScript Animations
Compare CSS and JavaScript animations, when to use each, and how to protect performance and accessibility with reduced motion and efficient properties.
CSS Animations: Transitions vs. Keyframes. CSS Animations: Transitions vs. Keyframes
Compare CSS transitions and keyframe animations, including hover effects, loading states, timing control, performance, and when each approach fits.
React Fragments Explained. React Fragments Explained
React Fragments explained through empty tags, keyed fragments, semantic markup, unnecessary wrapper divs, grouped list output, and layout side effects.
Building Responsive Navigation with CSS and JavaScript. Building Responsive Navigation with CSS and JavaScript
Understanding Media Queries in CSS. Understanding Media Queries in CSS
Understand CSS media queries for responsive design, including screen conditions, mobile‑first, and desktop‑first approaches, breakpoints, and device traits.
Setting Front‑End Performance Budgets. Setting Front‑End Performance Budgets
Set front‑end performance budgets for page weight, scripts, images, requests, Core Web Vitals, and user experience before delivery pressure erodes them.
Optimising Website Performance with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Optimising Website Performance with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript
Improve website performance with practical HTML, CSS and JavaScript checks, from assets and rendering to scripts, measurement and Core Web Vitals.
Avoiding Forced Layout and Layout Thrashing in JavaScript. Avoiding Forced Layout and Layout Thrashing in JavaScript
See how DOM writes followed by geometry reads force synchronous layout, why loops amplify the cost, and how read‑first batching preserves the result.