Do Websites Need to Look the Same in Every Browser?
Progressive enhancement in web development is often misunderstood: it allows us to take advantage of more modern browsers, without penalising the older ones.
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Front‑End Development, page 13 of 25
Front‑end development is where product intent becomes the interface people actually use. My writing approaches it as engineering rather than surface decoration, with attention to browser behaviour and code that remains accessible, fast, and safe for a team to change.
Do Websites Need to Look the Same in Every Browser? 
Adaptive vs. Responsive Design & Development. Adaptive vs. Responsive Design & Development
Now used as almost trivial marketing buzz words, there really are significant differences between responsive and adaptive design and development techniques.
What Skills are Required for a Front‑End Developer? What Skills are Required for a Front‑End Developer?
Front‑end developer skills explained, from HTML, CSS, JavaScript, accessibility, debugging, Git, APIs, frameworks, responsive design, and communication.
CSS Visual Order is Not Document Order. CSS Visual Order is Not Document Order
See why CSS visual order can differ from document, reading, and focus order, with Flexbox and Grid examples plus a safer responsive structure to test.
What is an HTML Entity? What is an HTML Entity?
HTML entities explained through reserved characters, invisible spaces, ampersands, symbols, punctuation, browser rendering, and when entities are useful.
Flexbox vs. grid. Flexbox vs.
gridAt first glance, 'flexbox' and 'grid' in CSS appear to solve similar problems in different ways. They are both suited to very different layouts however.
Renaming and Destructuring Variables in ES6. Renaming and Destructuring Variables in ES6
Perhaps one of the most‑used but misunderstood features of ES6, destructuring data is easy to use and leads to cleaner, simpler code and happier developers!
How to Choose a React Developer. How to Choose a React Developer
Hiring a React developer is about more than matching keywords. This guide looks at fundamentals, judgement, and what good front‑end signals look like.
Create Arrays of Any Size with Placeholder Content in JavaScript. Create Arrays of Any Size with Placeholder Content in JavaScript
There are many different ways of creating placeholder arrays in JavaScript ‑ whether the array itself is a placeholder, or simply the content within it.
The Quirks of z-index. The Quirks of
z-indexDebug z‑index quirks in CSS by understanding positioning, stacking contexts, opacity, transforms, huge values, and why layers still misbehave.
How to Hire a JavaScript Developer. How to Hire a JavaScript Developer
Hire a JavaScript developer by assessing responsibilities, core front‑end skills, framework knowledge, problem solving, collaboration, and hiring sources.
Announcing Dynamic Updates with ARIA Live Regions. Announcing Dynamic Updates with ARIA Live Regions
Use ARIA live regions for dynamic status updates, choose polite or assertive announcements, handle repeated messages, and know when focus should move.
How to Hire a Freelance Front‑End Developer. How to Hire a Freelance Front‑End Developer
Hire a freelance front‑end developer by clarifying scope, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Git, testing, performance, debugging, frameworks, and collaboration needs.
Changing the Colour of Placeholder Text. Changing the Colour of Placeholder Text
Change placeholder text colour with CSS ::placeholder, including browser defaults, form styling, input states, and accessible use of placeholder copy.
UK Freelance Front‑End Developer Rates in 2021. UK Freelance Front‑End Developer Rates in 2021
A 2021 guide to UK freelance front‑end developer day rates and how skills, experience, location and project type affected pricing and demand.
The Differences Between Lead and Senior Roles in Front‑End Development. The Differences Between Lead and Senior Roles in Front‑End Development
Lead and senior front‑end roles overlap, but they are not the same job. This article looks at delivery, ownership, mentoring, and decision‑making.
What Does Front‑End Development Mean? What Does Front‑End Development Mean?
What front‑end development means, what front‑end developers actually build, and how HTML, CSS, JavaScript, accessibility, and performance fit together.
Front‑End Web Development: A Beginner’s Introduction. Front‑End Web Development: A Beginner's Introduction
Front‑end web development explained through HTML, CSS, JavaScript, UI work, browser behaviour, back‑end integration, and what front‑end developers do.