
If Not Internet Explorer Conditional HTML
Conditional comments were once the standard way to target Internet Explorer. This guide shows how the non‑IE pattern works and where it catches people out.
Articles from more than two decades of building, rebuilding, debugging and leading web projects.

Conditional comments were once the standard way to target Internet Explorer. This guide shows how the non‑IE pattern works and where it catches people out.

The differences between throttling and debouncing in JavaScript, including practical TypeScript code examples. Optimise event handling and improve performance.

Replacing every instance of a string in JavaScript depends on what you are matching. This guide covers replaceAll(), regexes, and older fallbacks.

Measure element dimensions in JavaScript with clientWidth, offsetWidth, getBoundingClientRect(), innerWidth, outerWidth, and responsive layout cautions.

Manage colours, spacing, typography, breakpoints, and component values in front‑end code without scattering design decisions or weakening consistency.

float PropertyUse and clear the CSS float property in legacy layouts, including text wrapping, clearing behaviour, layout examples, and when modern tools are better.

display in CSSUnderstand the CSS display property, including block, inline, inline‑block, none, flex, and grid, plus how defaults affect front‑end layout decisions.

grid in CSSStart using CSS Grid with containers, columns, rows, item placement, gaps, track sizing, flexible layouts, and practical two‑dimensional examples.

useReducer in React`UseReducer` in React explained clearly, including reducer functions, action objects, complex state updates, and when it is a better fit than `useState`.

A brief explanation of how to check if three variables are equal in JavaScript using the equality operators, ternary operator and Array.prototype.every method.

A brief explanation of how to toggle a variable in JavaScript by inverting its value. Learn how to switch a variable from true to false and vice versa.

Dynamic routes in Next.js explained with `[slug]` pages, route params, nested segments, and why file‑based dynamic routing simplifies content‑driven sites.

Compare 301 and 307 redirects clearly, including permanence, browser behaviour, SEO impact, cache handling, temporary moves, and when each status code fits.
Math.random()JavaScript Math.random() explained beyond the basics, including pseudo‑random generation, browser history, ranges, array indexes, and randomness limits.

How Shopify Liquid theme constraints affect products, sections, apps, checkout, SEO, performance and the decision to stay theme‑based or go headless.

useRef in ReactUse useRef in React for DOM access, focus management, mutable values, previous values, integration work, and cases where refs should not replace state.

How Liquid templates shape e‑commerce front‑end work, including products, collections, snippets, theme constraints, content, and safe customisation.

Liquid is a small templating language with a lot of reach. This article explores its syntax, control flow, and why it shows up in so many CMS tools.

React Hooks, introduced in React 16.8, bring state and lifecycle features to functional components. Here, I explore how they work and why they matter.

Check rendered HTML for JavaScript pages by comparing source and DOM output across metadata, headings, links, schema, content, hydration, and crawlability.

Class and functional components are key to React development. In this article I explore differences, advantages, and when to use each in modern React apps.