Track Element Visibility Using Intersection Observer
A look into how we can use the Intersection Observer API in JavaScript to efficiently track element visibility and how it outperforms historical alternatives.
Articles
Front‑end Development, page 7 of 25
Front‑end development is where product intent becomes the interface people actually use. My writing approaches it as engineering rather than surface decoration, with attention to browser behaviour and code that remains accessible, fast, and safe for a team to change.
Track Element Visibility Using Intersection Observer. 
Deep‑Cloning vs. Shallow‑Cloning in JavaScript. Deep‑Cloning vs. Shallow‑Cloning in JavaScript
Not all object copies in JavaScript behave the same way. Explore the difference between deep‑cloning and shallow‑cloning, when to use each, and common pitfalls.
Component APIs Before React Hooks Settled. Component APIs Before React Hooks Settled
A retrospective on React component APIs before hooks settled, covering render props, higher‑order components, context, classes, and migration judgement.
Mastering JavaScript Iterators and Generators. Mastering JavaScript Iterators and Generators
A practical guide to JavaScript iterators and generators, with lazy sequences, custom iteration, generator control flow, and the trade‑offs behind both.
Access Search Parameters in Next.js SSR'd Layout. Access Search Parameters in Next.js SSR'd Layout
Whilst replatforming an app, I came across this limitation in Next.js: you cannot (easily) access search parameters in an SSR layout. Here, I share my solution.
Freelancer, Agency, or Lead‑Level Contractor: Which Fits a Serious Web Platform Project? Freelancer, Agency, or Lead‑Level Contractor: Which Fits a Serious Web Platform Project?
How to choose between a freelancer, agency, or lead‑level contractor for serious web platform work, with a focus on risk, ownership, and delivery.
Flattening Arrays in JavaScript. Flattening Arrays in JavaScript
Flatten arrays in JavaScript with
flat(), depth control, recursion, stack‑based helpers, and clear examples of how non‑array values are handled.
Unit Testing in Angular: Writing Effective Tests. Unit Testing in Angular: Writing Effective Tests
How to write effective Angular unit tests that focus on behaviour, TestBed boundaries, realistic setup, and assertions that survive refactoring over time.
Use JavaScript to Find the Week Day from a Date. Use JavaScript to Find the Week Day from a Date
Find the weekday from a JavaScript date with Date, UTC alternatives, modulo arithmetic, parsing caveats, daylight saving time, and readable day names.
Dynamic Sizing with CSS clamp(). Dynamic Sizing with CSS
clamp()Use CSS clamp() for fluid typography, spacing, and layouts with clear minimums and maximums, plus media‑query trade‑offs and responsive examples.
Understanding Object Types with JavaScript's instanceof. Understanding Object Types with JavaScript's
instanceofUncover the differences between JavaScript's
instanceofandtypeoffor type checking, with practical examples and insights on when to use each operator.
Implementing Authentication in Next.js Using NextAuth.js. Implementing Authentication in Next.js Using NextAuth.js
A practical guide to implementing authentication in Next.js with NextAuth.js, including sessions, callbacks, route protection, and router‑specific trade‑offs.
Understanding Transient Props in styled‑components. Understanding Transient Props in
styled‑componentsUse transient props in styled‑components to keep styling‑only props out of the DOM, clean React output, and support safer component migration work.
Creating Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) with Angular. Creating Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) with Angular
How to build a Progressive Web App with Angular, including service workers, caching, offline behaviour, installs, and the trade‑offs behind the defaults.
Dynamic Sizing with CSS max(). Dynamic Sizing with CSS
max()Use CSS max() for responsive sizing, spacing, and layout decisions where the browser should choose the larger value within a fluid design without JavaScript.
Object Equality in JavaScript: {} isn't Equal to {}. Object Equality in JavaScript:
{}isn't Equal to{}In JavaScript two empty objects are not equal. One of my go‑to interviewing questions, here I offer an explanation and strategies to compare object contents.
Understanding the Composition API in Vue 3. Understanding the Composition API in Vue 3
The Vue 3 Composition API explained with practical TypeScript examples, refs, composables, reactivity, and when the pattern genuinely helps larger components.
Dynamic Sizing with CSS min(). Dynamic Sizing with CSS
min()In CSS, the
min()function allows us to set the smallest value from a set as the value of a CSS property. This can be hugely useful in responsive development.